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Measuring water level and flow is essential in flood risk mitigation, water resource management, and engineering infrastructure safety. Accurate data on water levels in channels, rivers, reservoirs, or wastewater and sewage systems enables prompt response to flood threats, optimizes protection measures, and automates warning systems.
In this context, sensor technology plays a significant role, as it determines measurement accuracy, reliability, and applicability under various environmental conditions. For practical flood level control, non-contact level sensors are widely used:
Non-contact ultrasonic level sensors measure the distance to the water surface using sound pulses. These sensors are ideal for open waterways or bodies of water where fast and safe level monitoring without physical contact with the liquid is required.
Radar type sensors use electromagnetic waves and provide accurate measurements even in challenging conditions such as fog, dust, or vapors. Radar sensors are especially suitable for flood risk zones with rapidly changing water levels as well as measurements in narrow wastewater shafts.
In addition to level measurements, effective flood control often requires flow monitoring in channels to determine water quantity and predict flood development. Solutions combining level measurements with channel geometry can be used here, for example ultrasonic sensors with Parshall flume construction, providing accurate flow calculations.
By combining different sensor technologies, flexible and reliable flood control systems can be created, ensuring both safety and efficient water resource management.
Non-contact level sensors are ideally suited for water level detection in locations where environmental conditions or water pollution do not allow measurements with other types of contact sensors, such as float-type or hydrostatic sensors.
Non-contact measurement — no physical contact with water, reducing wear and mechanical damage risk.
Wide measurement range up to several tens of meters from the water surface (20–30 m distance).
Temperature compensation ensures accurate measurements under variable weather conditions.
Extensive integration options with control systems: 4–20 mA, HART, RS485 (Modbus).
Reservoir and tank level control
Wastewater pump stations
Sewage shaft level monitoring
Measuring water levels in channels and drainage systems
Flow calculation combined with Parshall flume
Irrigation system control
Level control of rivers, dams, and reservoirs
Rainwater collector monitoring
Urban drainage systems
Tanks with water or various chemical liquids
Simple technological processes
Flow measurement in open channels is critically important both in industrial production and environmental management. Unlike closed pipes, here measurements are performed by calculating liquid level changes in specially designed constrictions — flumes or weirs. Manufacturer Nivelco offers a proven and reliable solution combining mechanical precision with modern sensor technology.
The Nivelco system consists of two main elements:
NIVOSONAR Parshall flume — an industrially manufactured polypropylene (PP) channel with fixed geometry. Ready-made flumes in 9 sizes for different flow volumes are available.
Ultrasonic level transmitter (EasyTREK or EchoTREK) — a sensor installed above the flume to accurately measure liquid level. The transmitter uses built-in mathematical formulas to convert the measured level (height) in real time into flow volume (m³/h or l/s).
As an additional element, a MultiCONT controller can be used, equipped with various relay control outputs or RS485 (Modbus) communication for data integration and remote reading. The controller also offers data storage and recording functions.
Non-contact measurement — the sensor is installed above the flume and measures without physical contact with water, reducing wear or damage caused by polluted wastewater.
Simple configuration and flow calculation — Nivelco sensors already have constants for 9 different sizes of Parshall flumes; just select the appropriate flume size from the menu.
Temperature compensation ensures accurate measurements under changing weather conditions in both summer and winter.
Wide integration options with control systems: 4–20 mA, HART, RS485 (Modbus).
Wastewater treatment plants — open gravity flow channels, incoming and outgoing flow accounting.
Industry — consumption control of process waters and chemical solutions.
Energy — accounting for cooling water in power plants.
Agriculture — control of irrigation channels and drainage systems.
Nivelco solutions are indispensable in flood risk management. By combining flow and level measurement with smart controllers, various types of monitoring and warning systems can be created:
Early warning — when water level and flow in a channel or river exceed critical thresholds, the system, using an additional GSM or Ethernet controller, can automatically send an alarm signal (SMS, email, or SCADA signal).
Pump station control — upon reaching a set flow volume, the sensor sends commands to activate backup pumps or open/close sluice gates.
Historical data — the system records data allowing analysis of flood dynamics and prediction of future risks.
Autonomy — autonomous systems can be created with solar battery power and radio modules for measurements in remote locations without access to the power grid.
